Semax

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Semax is a synthetic heptapeptide developed in the 1980s at the Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences in collaboration with Moscow State University. It corresponds to the ACTH(4-10) core sequence Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro, where the native ACTH fragment Met-Glu-His-Phe has been extended with a Pro-Gly-Pro tripeptide tail. The Pro-Gly-Pro addition confers dramatic resistance to enzymatic breakdown and extends half-life compared to the parent fragment, while the N-terminal tetrapeptide retains the melanocortin-derived neuromodulatory activity that drives the peptide's documented effects on brain-derived neurotrophic factor, cholinergic tone, and neuronal survival under stress.

Mechanism of Action

Semax operates through several overlapping mechanisms that explain its unusually broad research profile across neuroprotection, cognition, and stress adaptation. The most robustly characterized pathway is regulation of the BDNF and NGF neurotrophin systems. Published work shows a single administration of Semax in rodents rapidly upregulates BDNF and NGF mRNA and protein levels in the hippocampus and frontal cortex, effects that appear within hours and persist beyond the peptide's short plasma residence. This neurotrophin surge is proposed to underlie the long-duration behavioral effects seen even after Semax has cleared systemic circulation.

A second mechanism involves modulation of the melanocortin system. Although Semax lacks direct pigmentary activity, its ACTH-derived core sequence retains interactions with neural melanocortin receptors, contributing to its effects on attention, arousal, and stress adaptation without the HPA axis activation that characterizes full ACTH.

Third, Semax exerts neuroprotective effects through antioxidant, antihypoxic, and anti-apoptotic signaling. In ischemic and hypoxic rodent models, Semax reduces infarct volume, preserves neuronal viability, and suppresses proinflammatory cytokine release. Transcriptomic studies show Semax administration shifts expression patterns toward survival and plasticity programs and away from stress and inflammatory signatures.

Fourth, Semax modulates the cholinergic and dopaminergic systems. Cholinesterase inhibition is modest, but synaptic acetylcholine availability and dopaminergic tone in cortical regions both rise, contributing to observed effects in attention, learning, and working memory paradigms. The peptide also influences serotonergic metabolism, which is thought to contribute to its mild anxiolytic-adjacent profile at higher research doses. Together, this neurotrophic, melanocortin, neuroprotective, and neurotransmitter-modulatory signature gives Semax a uniquely layered mechanism that continues to be mapped by active research programs.

Chemical Profile

Semax is a linear heptapeptide with the sequence Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro, molecular formula C37H51N9O10S, and molecular weight approximately 813.93 g/mol. CAS registry 80714-61-0. The compound is supplied as a white lyophilized powder in a sealed vial, protected from light and moisture, and is freely soluble in bacteriostatic water and sterile saline. Lyophilized Semax is stable for extended periods at minus 20 degrees Celsius. The methionine residue at the N-terminus is susceptible to oxidation under prolonged exposure to air or light, which is why the vial is sealed under controlled atmosphere and should be kept closed until reconstitution. The Pro-Gly-Pro C-terminal tail is the key structural modification distinguishing Semax from the parent ACTH(4-10) fragment, giving it the enzymatic stability required for reproducible research use.

Research Applications

Semax has accumulated a wide research literature across four primary domains. First, neuroprotection: rodent and cell-culture ischemia models use Semax as a probe of post-stroke signaling, examining infarct reduction, neuronal apoptosis, and inflammatory cytokine response. Published transcriptomic studies catalog the genes altered by Semax in ischemic penumbra tissue, providing mechanistic leads for neuroprotective pathway mapping.

Second, cognition and memory. Novel object recognition, Morris water maze, passive avoidance, and radial arm maze studies report Semax produces learning and memory enhancement in normal cohorts and, more markedly, in aged or stress-loaded cohorts. The BDNF and NGF upregulation mechanism is the leading explanatory model.

Third, attention and arousal. Semax has been evaluated in operant attention tasks and continuous performance paradigms, where it shows dose-dependent improvements in signal detection and reduced variability. This reflects the combined cholinergic and dopaminergic modulation noted above.

Fourth, stress, neurodegeneration, and optic nerve research. Semax has been used in models of optic nerve injury, chronic stress, and early-phase neurodegeneration, where it appears to slow the progression of pathological markers. An expanding domain is research into addiction and withdrawal physiology, where Semax is used as a probe of melanocortin-opioid system crosstalk.

All research applications described here refer to published preclinical and exploratory contexts. Semax is not FDA approved and is not intended for human or veterinary diagnosis, treatment, or use.

Reconstitution & Dosing Reference

For laboratory reconstitution of Semax, bacteriostatic water containing 0.9% benzyl alcohol is the standard solvent. A common research reconstitution is 2 mL of bacteriostatic water added to a 10mg vial for a 5 mg/mL stock, or 5 mL for a 2 mg/mL stock. At 5 mg/mL, each 10 IU mark on an insulin syringe corresponds to 0.1 mL, which is 500 micrograms of Semax. At 2 mg/mL, the same 10 IU mark corresponds to 200 micrograms. Researchers studying intranasal administration in rodent paradigms have used saline-based reconstitutions delivered as micro-volumes into each nostril, a route that exploits the olfactory bulb pathway documented in several Russian research groups. Regardless of reconstitution format, gently swirl after adding diluent, allow the solution to clarify, and do not shake. These values are reference information for in-vitro and preclinical research only and are not a human-use protocol.

Storage & Handling

Store lyophilized Semax at minus 20 degrees Celsius, protected from light and moisture, for long-term stability. Under these conditions, an unopened vial retains specification for 24 months or more. Transit at ambient temperature for a few days does not meaningfully affect peptide integrity. Once reconstituted, Semax solution should be refrigerated at 2 to 8 degrees Celsius and used within 30 days. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, which accelerate methionine oxidation and aggregate formation. Keep the vial upright, protect the rubber stopper from contamination, and wipe with 70% isopropyl alcohol before each withdrawal. Research-grade Semax is sensitive to oxidation of its N-terminal methionine, so minimize headspace exposure during withdrawals.

Where to Buy Semax

PeptideDeck connects research buyers with a vetted US supplier listing Semax 10mg at a competitive 2026 price, backed by a published certificate of analysis and third-party identity testing. When researchers ask where to buy Semax online without the uncertainty of anonymous grey-market listings, this is the source we recommend. The supplier ships from a US warehouse with tracked delivery, so domestic researchers avoid customs delays and the seizure risk of international peptide orders. Click Add to Cart above to confirm stock and complete secure checkout through our partner. If you are comparing Semax prices across vendors, match on purity (99%+), dose (10mg per vial), and documentation (per-lot COA) before comparing numbers, because "Semax for sale" listings without those signals are not equivalent products. Multi-vial Semax research orders frequently qualify for volume discounts through partner checkout.

Quality Assurance & COA

Every vial of Semax 10mg sold through this listing is backed by per-lot quality documentation. Purity is verified by reverse-phase HPLC at 99% or higher, with identity confirmed by mass spectrometry matching the expected Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro molecular weight. The supplier publishes certificates of analysis per lot covering peptide content, residual solvent, and microbial testing, with independent third-party laboratory verification on representative lots to cross-check in-house HPLC results. Manufacturing is performed under cGMP-aligned practices in a controlled-environment facility, and each lot is tracked end-to-end from synthesis through vialing. Researchers who want to review the certificate for a specific lot before buying Semax can request it through the partner vendor. This documentation trail is what separates credible Semax suppliers from generic powder listings and is why we recommend this source to buyers searching for Semax with evidence they can cite in a lab record.