PT-141

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PT-141, known by the International Nonproprietary Name Bremelanotide, is a synthetic cyclic heptapeptide analogue of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. It was developed from the broader melanocortin research program at the University of Arizona and Palatin Technologies as a metabolite of Melanotan II with reduced pigmentary activity and a receptor profile shifted toward the central melanocortin 4 receptor. The cyclic disulfide-bridged structure improves enzymatic stability relative to linear melanocortin peptides, giving PT-141 the reproducible pharmacology needed for rigorous research. In preclinical and human clinical trials, PT-141 has been studied in sexual response circuitry, hemorrhagic shock physiology, and central nervous system melanocortin signaling, with FDA approval granted in 2019 for a clinical indication under the brand Vyleesi. This listing is strictly for in-vitro laboratory research.

Mechanism of Action

PT-141 exerts its effects primarily through agonism of the central melanocortin 4 receptor, a G-protein coupled receptor expressed in hypothalamic nuclei, limbic structures, and autonomic output regions. It also shows affinity for MC1, MC3, and MC5 receptors, but selectivity favors MC4, which distinguishes it pharmacologically from its parent compound Melanotan II. MC4 receptor activation stimulates adenylate cyclase, elevates intracellular cyclic AMP, and modulates neuronal firing in circuits governing sexual motivation, energy balance, and sympathetic outflow.

In the research literature relevant to sexual response, MC4 activation in the medial preoptic area and paraventricular nucleus has been shown to drive pro-erectile and pro-sexual behavioral responses in male and female rodent models independent of vascular or hormonal effects. This central mechanism is pharmacologically distinct from peripheral PDE5 inhibitors: where PDE5 inhibitors act on vascular smooth muscle, PT-141 acts on central circuits upstream of autonomic and motivational output. This distinction is why published clinical research evaluating Bremelanotide focused on hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal female subjects, a context where central motivational circuitry is the proposed intervention target.

A secondary research domain is hemorrhagic shock and ischemia-reperfusion physiology. Melanocortin receptor agonism appears to modulate inflammatory cytokine release, preserve capillary flow, and reduce organ injury in published rodent hemorrhage models, reflecting the anti-inflammatory signature documented across the melanocortin family.

PT-141 also engages autonomic pathways. Transient elevations in blood pressure and sympathetic tone have been documented in clinical trials and in rodent pharmacology studies, reflecting direct MC4 modulation of central autonomic outflow. This pharmacodynamic signature is part of why the clinical label for Bremelanotide carries specific cardiovascular monitoring language. For research use, the sympathetic activation profile is a key pharmacological parameter worth characterizing in any study design.

Chemical Profile

PT-141 is a cyclic heptapeptide with the sequence Ac-Nle-cyclo[Asp-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-OH, molecular formula C50H68N14O10, and molecular weight approximately 1025.18 g/mol. CAS registry 189691-06-3. The cyclic structure is formed by a lactam bridge between the side chain carboxyl of aspartate and the side chain amine of lysine, a design that dramatically improves enzymatic stability versus linear alpha-MSH analogues. The peptide is supplied as a white lyophilized powder in a sealed vial and is soluble in bacteriostatic water, sterile saline, and sterile water for injection. The acetylated N-terminus and D-phenylalanine substitution confer further resistance to proteolytic cleavage, making PT-141 one of the more stable melanocortin research peptides available.

Research Applications

PT-141 has accumulated a substantial preclinical and clinical research footprint. The largest documented domain is central sexual response research, where rodent behavioral paradigms and published human clinical trials have examined pro-motivational and pro-sexual effects through central MC4 circuitry. Clinical trials including the Phase 3 RECONNECT program in hypoactive sexual desire disorder informed the 2019 FDA approval of Bremelanotide as Vyleesi, and the underlying pharmacology continues to be a reference point in melanocortin-driven sexual response research.

A second documented research area is autonomic and cardiovascular physiology. Because MC4 agonism produces transient pressor responses, PT-141 is used as a probe for central autonomic pathway mapping in rodent telemetry studies. A third area is anti-inflammatory and shock research: the broader melanocortin receptor agonist family has well-characterized effects on cytokine release and organ perfusion in rodent models of hemorrhage and sepsis. A fourth area is energy balance and appetite research, a natural extension of MC4's well-documented role in hypothalamic feeding circuitry.

A fifth research area is receptor pharmacology itself. Structure-activity studies compare PT-141 against Melanotan II, alpha-MSH, and newer melanocortin ligands to map selectivity across MC1/3/4/5 subtypes.

All research applications listed here refer to published preclinical and clinical research contexts. Although Bremelanotide has an FDA-approved clinical formulation, this listing supplies the peptide strictly for in-vitro laboratory research and is not intended for human or veterinary use, diagnosis, or treatment. All dosing and pharmacology information below refers to published research literature only.

Reconstitution & Dosing Reference

For laboratory reconstitution, PT-141 is typically dissolved in bacteriostatic water containing 0.9% benzyl alcohol or sterile saline. A common research reconstitution is 2 mL of diluent added to a 10mg vial for a 5 mg/mL stock. Published clinical research on Bremelanotide used subcutaneous administration at defined clinical doses; some preclinical literature also examines intranasal routes because the original PT-141 development program explored a nasal spray formulation before pivoting to subcutaneous delivery. Note that nasal and subcutaneous research routes have different pharmacokinetics and different absorbed fractions, which is why published studies carefully distinguish administration mode. For in-vitro laboratory work, reconstitution volume is a design choice based on assay concentration needs. Swirl gently after adding diluent, allow the solution to clarify, and do not shake. These reconstitution values are research reference information only. They are not a human-use protocol, and this listing supplies PT-141 strictly for laboratory research applications.

Storage & Handling

Store lyophilized PT-141 at minus 20 degrees Celsius, protected from light and moisture, for long-term stability. Under these conditions, an unopened vial retains specification for 24 months or more. Short transit periods at ambient temperature do not meaningfully degrade the cyclic peptide, which is one of the pharmacological advantages of the lactam-bridged structure. Once reconstituted with bacteriostatic water or sterile saline, PT-141 solution should be refrigerated at 2 to 8 degrees Celsius and used within 30 days. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles on reconstituted material, since cycling promotes aggregation and reduces bioactivity in assay work. Keep the vial upright, protect the rubber stopper from contamination, and wipe with 70% isopropyl alcohol before each withdrawal. Minimize headspace exposure during repeated withdrawals.

Where to Buy PT-141

PeptideDeck connects research buyers with a vetted US supplier listing PT-141 10mg at a competitive 2026 price, backed by per-lot certificates of analysis and third-party identity verification. When researchers ask us where to buy PT-141 online without the uncertainty of anonymous grey-market listings, this is the source we direct them to. Because the supplier ships from a US warehouse, domestic research buyers avoid customs delays and the seizure risk associated with international melanocortin shipments. Click Add to Cart above to confirm live stock and complete secure checkout through our partner. If you are comparing PT-141 prices across vendors, match listings on purity (99%+), dose (10mg per vial), and documentation (per-lot COA) before comparing numbers, because "PT-141 for sale" listings without those quality signals are not equivalent products. Researchers ordering multiple PT-141 vials at once commonly qualify for tiered volume discounts through partner checkout.

Quality Assurance & COA

Every vial of PT-141 10mg sold through this listing is backed by per-lot quality documentation. Purity is verified by reverse-phase HPLC at 99% or higher, with identity confirmed by mass spectrometry matching the expected molecular weight of the cyclic Ac-Nle-Asp-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys structure. The supplier publishes certificates of analysis per lot covering peptide content, residual solvent, and microbial testing, with independent third-party laboratory verification on representative lots as a cross-check of in-house HPLC results. Manufacturing occurs under cGMP-aligned practices in a controlled-environment facility, with end-to-end lot tracking from synthesis through vialing. Researchers who want to inspect the COA for a specific lot before buying PT-141 can request it through the partner vendor. This documentation chain is what separates credible PT-141 suppliers from generic powder listings and is why we recommend this source to buyers searching for PT-141 with evidence they can cite in a laboratory record.